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Direct writing of electronics based on alloy and metal (DREAM) ink: A newly emerging area and its impact

Qin ZHANG, Yi ZHENG, Jing LIU

Frontiers in Energy 2012, Volume 6, Issue 4,   Pages 311-340 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0214-x

Abstract: writing of electronics through introduction of a new class of conductive inks made of low melting point liquidmetal or its alloy.The method has been named as direct writing of electronics based on alloy and metal (DREAM) ink.Some important low melting point metal ink candidates, especially the room temperature liquid metalsIt is expected that the DREAM ink technology will initiate a series of unconventional applications in

Keywords： direct writing of electronics based on alloy and metal (DREAM) ink     direct writing of electronics     printedelectronics     liquid metal ink     integrated circuit     consumer electronics     nano liquid metal    

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Surface tension of liquid metal: role, mechanism and application

Xi ZHAO, Shuo XU, Jing LIU

Frontiers in Energy 2017, Volume 11, Issue 4,   Pages 535-567 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0463-9

Abstract: For liquid metals with high melting temperature, a profound understanding of the behaviors of surfaceRecently, the room temperature liquid metal (RTLM) mainly composed of gallium-based alloys has causedRTLM, this paper is dedicated to present an overview on the roles and mechanisms of surface tension of liquidmetal and summarize the latest progresses on the understanding of the basic knowledge, theories, influencing

Keywords： surface tension     liquid metal     soft machine     printed electronics     electrowetting     self-actuation    

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Liquid metal thermal hydraulics R&D at European scale: achievements and prospects

Frontiers in Energy 2021, Volume 15, Issue 4,   Pages 842-853 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0743-2

Abstract: for a future nuclear carbon-free energy production is attributed to fast reactors, mostly employing a liquidmetal as a coolant.in collaborative projects sponsored by the European Commission in the past 20 years in the fields of liquid-metal

Keywords： liquid metal     thermal hydraulics     Europe    

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Harvesting biomechanical energy in the walking by shoe based on liquid metal magnetohydrodynamics

Dan DAI, Jing LIU, Yixin ZHOU

Frontiers in Energy 2012, Volume 6, Issue 2,   Pages 112-121 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0186-x

Abstract: A liquid metal magnetohydrodynamics generation system (LMMGS) was proposed and demonstrated in this paperWhile walking with the LMMGS, the foot alternately presses the two liquid metal pumps (LMPs) which areAs a result, the liquid metal in the LMPs (LMP I and II) is extruded and flows through the MHGs (MHGFurthermore, performances of these LMMGSs with different volume of injected liquid metal were testedmetal and the size of the LMPs.

Keywords： human energy harvesting     liquid metal     wearable magnetohydrodynamics generator     parasitic power in shoe    

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Flow and thermal modeling of liquid metal in expanded microchannel heat sink

Frontiers in Energy   Pages 796-810 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0877-5

Abstract: Liquid metal-based microchannel heat sinks (MCHSs) suffer from the low heat capacity of coolant, resultingThe heat conduction of liquid metal in Z direction and the heat convection between the top surfaceof fins and the liquid metal could reduce the total thermal resistance (Rt).

Keywords： liquid metal cooling     heat sink     expanded microchannel     flow and thermal modeling    

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High heat flux thermal management through liquid metal driven with electromagnetic induction pump

Frontiers in Energy 2022, Volume 16, Issue 3,   Pages 460-470 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0825-9

Abstract: In this paper, a novel liquid metal-based minichannel heat dissipation method was developed for coolingmetal to remove the waste heat quickly.The liquid metal-based minichannel thermal management system was established and tested experimentallyThe results show that the liquid metal cooling system can dissipate heat flux up to 242 W/cm2liquid metal thermal grease is introduced to efficiently reduce the thermal contact resistance (a

Keywords： high heat flux     liquid metal     electromagnetic pump     minichannel heat sink     thermal interface material    

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Room temperature liquid metal: its melting point, dominating mechanism and applications

Junheng FU, Chenglin ZHANG, Tianying LIU, Jing LIU

Frontiers in Energy 2020, Volume 14, Issue 1,   Pages 81-104 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0653-8

Abstract: The room temperature liquid metal (LM) is recently emerging as a new class of versatile materials withfascinating characteristics mostly originated from its simultaneous metallic and liquid natures.factors like components, pressure, size and supercooling that may be critical for melting processes of liquidmetal.

Keywords： melting point     liquid metal     crystal     thermodynamics     molecular dynamics    

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Perspective on gallium-based room temperature liquid metal batteries

Frontiers in Energy 2022, Volume 16, Issue 1,   Pages 23-48 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0815-y

Abstract: Featuring inherent liquidity, metallicity, and biocompatibility, Ga-based room-temperature liquid metalsHerein, to illustrate the glamour of liquid components, high-temperature liquid metal batteries (HTLMBsThen, Ga-based liquid metals as main working electrodes in primary and secondary batteries are reviewedNext, Ga-based liquid metals as auxiliary working electrodes in lithium and nonlithium batteries aremetal battery systems in the coming future.

Keywords： liquid metals     soft electrodes     flexible batteries     deformable energy supply devices     epidermal electronics    

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Water film coated composite liquid metal marble and its fluidic impact dynamics phenomenon

Yujie DING,Jing LIU

Frontiers in Energy 2016, Volume 10, Issue 1,   Pages 29-36 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0388-0

Abstract: A composite liquid metal marble made of metal droplet coated with water film was proposed and its impactAfter encapsulating the liquid metal into water droplets, the fabricated liquid marble successfully avoidedThe striking behaviors of the composite liquid metal marbles on a substrate at room temperature weremarble or metal droplet.composite which was also critical for a variety of practical applications such as liquid metal jet cooling

Keywords： liquid metal marble     metallic droplet     composite fluid     impact dynamics     multiphase fluid mechanics    

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Experimental investigation of liquid metal alloy based mini-channel heat exchanger for high power electronic

Manli LUO, Jing LIU

Frontiers in Energy 2013, Volume 7, Issue 4,   Pages 479-486 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0277-3

Abstract: difficulty within the limited space, this paper is dedicated to clarify the heat transfer behaviors of the liquidmetal flowing in mini-channel exchangers with different geometric configurations.A series of comparative experiments using liquid metal alloy Ga68%In20%Sn12% as coolant were conductedThis study is expected to provide valuable reference for designing future liquid metal based mini-channel

Keywords： heat exchanger     liquid metal     mini-channel     heat dissipation     heat transfer coefficient    

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Liquid metal material genome: Initiation of a new research track towards discovery of advanced energy

Lei WANG, Jing LIU

Frontiers in Energy 2013, Volume 7, Issue 3,   Pages 317-332 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0271-9

Abstract: With many superior physical properties over conventional fluids, the low melting point liquid metal material, especially room-temperature liquid metal, is recently found to be uniquely useful in a wide varietyA biggest concern to impede the large scale application of room-temperature liquid metal technologiesThe theoretical strategies and experimental methods in the research and development of liquid metal materialThe liquid metal material genome proposal as initiated in this paper will accelerate the process of finding

Keywords： liquid metal material genome     energy material     material discovery     advanced material     room-temperature liquid    

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Liquid metal enabled combinatorial heat transfer science: toward unconventional extreme cooling

Xiao-Hu YANG, Jing LIU

Frontiers in Energy 2018, Volume 12, Issue 2,   Pages 259-275 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0521-3

Abstract: As a class of newly emerging material, liquid metal exhibits many outstanding performances in a wideTo help mold next generation unconventional cooling technologies and further advance the liquid metal, the most basic ways were outlined for developing liquid metal enabled combined cooling systems.Particularly, five abstractive segments toward constructing the combinatorial liquid metal heat transfersystems and liquid metal convection combined cooling systems, etc. were specifically introduced.

Keywords： combinatorial heat transfer     liquid metal     high flux cooling     thermal management    

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Liquid metal as energy transportation medium or coolant under harsh environment with temperature below

Yunxia GAO, Lei WANG, Haiyan LI, Jing LIU

Frontiers in Energy 2014, Volume 8, Issue 1,   Pages 49-61 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0285-3

Abstract: Recently, it was found that room temperature liquid metals (RTLM) such as gallium or its alloys couldSo far, a systematic interpretation on the preparation and thermal properties of liquid metals undermetal with a low melting point below zero centigrade, such as mercury, alkali metal and more additionalWith many unique virtues, such liquid metal coolants are expected to open a new technical frontier forSome innovative ways for making low melting temperature liquid metal were outlined to provide a clear

Keywords： liquid metal     cryogenics     low melting point     thermal management     aircraft     liquid cooling     space exploration    

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Flexible liquid metal coil prepared for electromagnetic energy harvesting and wireless charging

Shen GUO, Peng WANG, Jichuan ZHANG, Wenpeng LUAN, Zishuo XIA, Lingxiao CAO, Zhizhu HE

Frontiers in Energy 2019, Volume 13, Issue 3,   Pages 474-482 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0632-0

Abstract: This paper reported a study on a flexible liquid metal coil (LMC) for electromagnetic collection fromThe room temperature liquid metal of Galinstan was perfused to elastic silicone tube, which is then terminatedThe as-prepared liquid metal wire can sustain stretching, twisting, and bending with large deformation

Keywords： liquid metal     Galinstan     flexible coil     electromagnetic energy harvesting     wireless charging    

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Liquid metal printing opening the way for energy conservation in semiconductor manufacturing industry

Frontiers in Energy 2022, Volume 16, Issue 4,   Pages 542-547 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0834-8

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Direct writing of electronics based on alloy and metal (DREAM) ink: A newly emerging area and its impact

Qin ZHANG, Yi ZHENG, Jing LIU

Journal Article

Surface tension of liquid metal: role, mechanism and application

Xi ZHAO, Shuo XU, Jing LIU

Journal Article

Liquid metal thermal hydraulics R&D at European scale: achievements and prospects

Journal Article

Harvesting biomechanical energy in the walking by shoe based on liquid metal magnetohydrodynamics

Dan DAI, Jing LIU, Yixin ZHOU

Journal Article

Flow and thermal modeling of liquid metal in expanded microchannel heat sink

Journal Article

High heat flux thermal management through liquid metal driven with electromagnetic induction pump

Journal Article

Room temperature liquid metal: its melting point, dominating mechanism and applications

Junheng FU, Chenglin ZHANG, Tianying LIU, Jing LIU

Journal Article

Perspective on gallium-based room temperature liquid metal batteries

Journal Article

Water film coated composite liquid metal marble and its fluidic impact dynamics phenomenon

Yujie DING,Jing LIU

Journal Article

Experimental investigation of liquid metal alloy based mini-channel heat exchanger for high power electronic

Manli LUO, Jing LIU

Journal Article

Liquid metal material genome: Initiation of a new research track towards discovery of advanced energy

Lei WANG, Jing LIU

Journal Article

Liquid metal enabled combinatorial heat transfer science: toward unconventional extreme cooling

Xiao-Hu YANG, Jing LIU

Journal Article

Liquid metal as energy transportation medium or coolant under harsh environment with temperature below

Yunxia GAO, Lei WANG, Haiyan LI, Jing LIU

Journal Article

Flexible liquid metal coil prepared for electromagnetic energy harvesting and wireless charging

Shen GUO, Peng WANG, Jichuan ZHANG, Wenpeng LUAN, Zishuo XIA, Lingxiao CAO, Zhizhu HE

Journal Article

Liquid metal printing opening the way for energy conservation in semiconductor manufacturing industry

Journal Article